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Sentences for "centric "
Complex nests of transposable elements flank the gap at 20A, which lies within the centric heterochromatin, such nests of transposable elements are common in the proximal regions of the chromosome arms [ 9].
Heterochromatin is concentrated in megabase-sized tracts in the centric and subtelomeric regions of the chromosomes.
For example, a hallmark of heterochromatin is a high density of transposable elements, and the density of these elements in the genomic sequence increases continuously toward the centric ends of the euchromatic portions of the chromosome arms [ 12, 31, 32].
This trend continues in the centric heterochromatin, which contains large blocks of specific types of middle-repetitive sequences [ 22, 27].
Although no vital loci have been identified in the proximal heterochromatin of the X chromosome [ 37], several identified loci map near the boundary between the centric heterochromatin and the euchromatin (see [ 38]).
Thus, there are at least 32 identified genetic loci required for viability or fertility in the centric heterochromatin.
9-Mb sequence as the 'Release 3 euchromatic sequence' even though, on the basis of the cytological criteria for defining the boundary between euchromatin and heterochromatin described below, we believe this sequence extends into the centric heterochromatin of each chromosome arm.
0 Mb of WGS3 heterochromatic sequence in the 85 scaffolds longer than 40 kb, plus a 133-kb sequence at the centric end of the Release 3 euchromatic sequence of the X chromosome that was not annotated by Misra et al.
Cytological boundaries of centric heterochromatin Although there is no universally accepted definition of heterochromatin, the most reliable classification of the centric heterochromatin is cytological.
In order to correlate heterochromatin cytology with the genome sequence, we mapped the boundaries of the euchromatin and centric heterochromatin on chromosome arms X, 2L, 2R, 3L and 3R by FISH of BAC-derived probes to mitotic chromosomes (see Materials and methods).
BACs were selected from the centric ends of the essentially finished Release 3 sequence contigs that span the euchromatin [ 47], and the positions of the resulting hybridization signals on the cytological map were determined (Figure 8, Table 1).
These data show that the large Release 3 sequence contigs extend into the centric heterochromatin on these five chromosome arms.
Although BACs were localized to chromosome 4 (data not shown), the cytology of this chromosome is too poor to permit a clear BAC-based mapping of the boundary of the centric heterochromatin.
For the purposes of defining the gene content of the heterochromatic portion of the genomic sequence, we provisionally designate the distal ends of the indicated BACs (Table 1) as defining the boundaries of the centric heterochromatin within the finished genomic sequence.
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