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Sentences for "choroid "
To the same part of the choroid coat, where the ciliary ligament begins, is fixed a moveable and curious membrane, called the iris; this membrane has a perforation in the middle, called the pupil, for the admission of the rays of light.
In the human eye the whole choroid coat, and even the interior surface of the iris or uvea, is lined with a black mucus; this mucus, or as it is called, pigmentum, is darkest in young persons, and becomes more light coloured as we advance in years.
The next humour is the crystalline; it is situated between the aqueous and vitreous humours, and is connected to the choroid coat by the ciliary ligament: it is not the least of all the humours, as has been generally supposed, the aqueous and it being of equal weights; but its substance is more firm and solid than that of the other humours: its figure is that of a double convex lens; but the fore part next the pupil is not so convex as its other side, which is contiguous to the vitreous humour; the diameter of the sphere, of which its anterior segment is a part, being in general about seven or eight lines, whereas the diameter of the sphere, of which its posterior segment forms a portion, is commonly only about five or six lines.
Mariotte was led, from some curious circumstances, to think that vision was not performed by the retina, but by the choroid coat.
From this he concludes, that the defect of vision is owing to the want of the choroid coat, and, consequently, that this coat is the proper organ of vision.
Whence it is evident that vision exists where the choroid coat is not present, and consequently that the choroid coat is not the organ of vision.
These circumstances, in my opinion, render it certain, that the retina, and not the choroid coat, is the organ of vision.
Recollecting that fine nervous twigs pass from the ciliary or ophthalmic ganglion, through the sclerotic coat of the eye, to the choroid coat, and to the uvea; and that this ganglion is in great part formed from a twig of the nasal branch, of the fifth pair of nerves, in conjunction with a branch of the third, I proceeded to try if, by insinuating a rod of silver, as far as possible, up my nose, and thus arming this nasal branch, I could, by bringing the silver into contact with a 88 piece of zinc, placed upon my tongue, pass this new influence up the course of the nerve, and thus produce the flash in the eye.
If I might be allowed to hazard a conjecture, where we cannot have recourse to demonstration, I should say that the flash, observed in the above experiments, was the effect of contractions excited in involuntary muscles by the application of a stimulus to their nerves; or, in other words, that the effects of the application of the metals to the nasal branch of the first division of the fifth pair of nerves, had been propagated through the ciliary ganglion, along the ciliary nerves, and to the choroid coat, whose vessels it had excited into instantaneous action; and that their action again (as in the case of action excited by pressure, or a blow upon the eye,) had by stimulating the retina occasioned the sense of light.
That the flash is the effect of such an increased action of the vessels, composing the choroid coat, might be somewhat more difficult to prove.
It is abundant in choroid plexus where it modulates the production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and in limbic regions and hypothalamus where it may play a role in motor behavior and appetite control.
5-HT 2C receptors [ 8 ] and insulin/IGF-1 receptors [ 11 ] co-localize in several areas in the brain including choroid plexus, olfactory bulb, cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, and hippocampus.
We chose to look for these types of interactions in choroid plexus because both 5-HT 2C receptors and insulin/IGF-1 receptors are abundant in this tissue and because the 5-HT 2C receptor is the only 5-HT receptor present in these cells.
Results Effect of insulin signaling on 5HT 2Creceptor function in choroid plexus cells We examined the effects of insulin signaling on 5-HT 2C receptor function in isolated rat choroid plexus cells.
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