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Sentences for "convergent "
" Peridium broadly ovate, often much depressed, plicate underneath, with a cord-like root; cortex a dense white coat of convergent spines, which at maturity peel off in flakes, as can be seen in the photograph, revealing a thin furfuraceous layer of minute yellowish scales covering the inner peridium.
Intuitively, slightly convergent flow in state space allows classification, for when two states converge on a single successor state, those two states have been classified as “equivalent” by the network.
Slightly convergent flow would seem to allow the maximum number of reliable classifications in the face of a noisy environment.
The convergent flow buers the system against the noise of the environment.
Again, slightly convergent flow in state space to buer external and internal noise seems ideal.
In other words, parallel or convergent gains of the derived condition are assumed to be highly unlikely.
[ 30 ] is that three distinct classes of arsenate reductases exist, which have developed similar mechanisms and reaction centers through convergent evolution.
Thus, the suggestion that the three previously reported classes of arsenate reductases developed through convergent evolution [ 30 ] seems flawed: not only does arsC phylogeny show broad parallels to the accepted 16S rRNA phylogeny, but deep bacterial divisions appear to possess the distinct arsenate reductases that would be expected from divergence from a common origin.
Given the alternate hypotheses of (1) Common origin followed by sequence divergence, or (2) Independent origin of multiple arsC sequence types with broadly similar reaction centers and general mechanisms, based on the phylogenies observed and the general rarity of convergent evolution at a sequence level [ 33 34 ] we suggest that the former is more likely.
Rather than multiple gene duplication events or convergent evolution, this suggests horizontal gene transfer (HGT) of arsC genes.
The finding of a QuartOP in a mitochondrial genome quartet that supports a non-traditional grouping could either reflect a rare recombination event, selection pressures that led to convergent evolution in two lineages, or a chance event - if one looks at enough samples one will find some that (considered by themselves) appear significant.
Evidence for convergent operon evolution and in situ non-orthologous displacement of genes in operons encoding SSAPs A superposition of the gene neighborhood information upon the phylogenetic trees for the SSAP superfamilies provides insights into the evolutionary processes that led to the emergence of the operons that include the SSAP genes.
Evidence is presented of convergent emergence of similar SSAP-encoding operons in different lineages and of in situ non-orthologous displacement of functionally similar genes in these operons.
An analysis using ORF, a program developed to recognize folds by comparing predicted secondary structures of proteins ([ 27], we are unaware of a published detailed description of this method), identified MJ0301 as a homolog of DHPS, although, given the low sequence similarity, a convergent origin of the relationship between MJ0301 and DHPS was deemed likely (there seems to be a terminological confusion involved here, but we are quoting the results of the original computational analysis of this protein as they have been presented).
Small-genome bacteria show convergent features, including accelerated sequence evolution and genome-wide base compositional bias favoring A and T [ 5, 17].
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