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Use covalent in a sentence - Example Sentences for covalent

When suitable anti-light chain reagents become available, this could be directly tested in covalent crosslinking experiments.

Because our integrin-CD98 complex was observed in light membrane fractions and not in dense sucrose gradient fractions, and because we could not capture the complex by covalent crosslinking (not shown), the interaction may not be direct.

It is also evident from the data that disulfide bridge formation in ButaIT likely follows a common motif, with covalent links between cysl6-cys32, cys5-cys27, cys20-cys34 and an additional disulfide bridge between cys2 and cys 19 which cross-links the N-terminal strand of the ß-sheet to the ?

-helix.

Although substrate phosphorylation is one major determinant of SCF-mediated ubiquitylation [ 1], covalent modification of the CUL1 subunit through attachment of the ubiquitin-related peptide NEDD8 also regulates SCF activity.

Several findings indicate that the slower migrating form of Pcu3p arose from covalent modification with the ubiquitin-related protein Ned8p: First, overexpression of a fusion protein of Ned8p and glutathione transferase (GST-Ned8p) converted the faster, unmodified form of Pcu3p into a high molecular weight species that reacted with antibodies to GST (Fig.

pombe cullins [ 5], Pcu3p undergoes covalent modification by ubiquitin-like Ned8p at lysine 729.

Removal of negative supercoils from DNA by bacterial type IA topoisomerase involves the following steps: (1) binding of the enzyme to the junction of double-stranded and single-stranded DNA [ 8 ] , (2) cleavage of a single-strand of DNA near the junction with cleavage sequence preference of a cytosine in the -4 position to form the covalent intermediate [ 9 10 ] , (3) conformational change of the covalent enzyme-DNA complex to result in physical separation of the 5' phosphate covalently linked to the active tyrosine, and the 3' hydroxyl of the cleaved DNA, (4) passage of the complementary single strand through the break, (5) enzyme conformational change to bring the 5' phosphoryl end back into the proximity of the 3' hydroxyl group of the cleaved DNA, (6) religation of the phosphodiester bond.

The single-strand DNA substrate designated for the ZD domain in the catalytic mechanism of the enzyme may be the strand of DNA complementary to the strand first cleaved by the enzyme to form the covalent complex.

This interaction with the passing strand of DNA would not be needed for the first two steps of enzyme mechanism up to the formation of the covalent complex.

The system employs a cascade of enzymatic reactions that lead to the covalent attachment of a chain of multiple ubiquitins to substrate proteins [ 2 ] .

[ 26 ] Furthermore, the rapid inhibition of plasmin requires a non-covalent interaction between an amino-terminal site of plasmin and a carboxyl-terminal on anti-plasmin, and a second site outside the RCL of PAI-1 contributes to its specific interaction with proteases.

The well-known ubiquitin-dependent pathway involves the covalent attachment of ubiquitin to substrate proteins to form polyubiquitin chain, which then targets the marked substrates to proteasome for degradation [ 17 19 20 ] .

, thiosulfate), forms a temporary covalent linkage between the S atom and a conserved cysteine residue, then transfers the sulfur to a thiophilic acceptor (e.

The resulting serum was purified over a peptide affinity column made by covalent coupling of the unlinked peptide to SulfoLink beads (Pierce).

The trans actors assumed are a loose, non-covalent complex between the binder/cutter enzyme and telomerase, and a resecting exonuclease that pauses.

, a transcription factor or a histone exhibiting a particular covalent modification).

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The word covalent


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